Group Beta Strep and the Microbiome
Understanding Group B Strep Testing in Pregnancy
Group B Strep and the Microbiome
What is Group B Strep?
About one month before your due date, we will ask you to swab your birth canal to find out if you are colonized with Group B Strep (GBS). It's completely natural to have questions about this test and the result, what they mean, and what your options are if you test positive. Frisco Midwifery created this article to break it down in a friendly, easy-to-understand way.
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a type of bacteria commonly found in the digestive and lower reproductive tracts of both men and women. While it usually doesn't cause problems in healthy adults, it can be a concern during pregnancy - or more specifically, it can be a concern for some babies if they are exposed to the bacteria in the process of birth. The good news is that there's a simple test to check for GBS, and we have effective ways to manage it if needed.
How Common is GBS in Pregnancy?
You have many different types of organisms in your body. Your immune system is literally created with all these organism — your “microbiome”. Sometimes, an organism will over-grow or be out of balance if your nutrition changed, you are stressed, or your immune system is challenged. Group B Strep is just one of the many organisms that can “over grow” in your system. It doesn’t hurt you at all. But, it can have consequences to the baby if the baby gets exposed to it during birth, which is why testing and appropriate treatment are so important. About 25% of pregnant women carry GBS. Yes, it's that common!
What About the Babies?
While it's reassuring to know that most babies born to GBS-positive moms are completely healthy, there is a small risk of the baby becoming colonized with GBS. If a baby does become colonized, there's a chance they could develop an infection, which in rare cases can be serious.
We can’t tell which babies will get sick. But we may have an idea of which moms have the highest concentration of bacteria in their body. If GBS bacteria comes back in your urine screening at any point, that’s an indication that you may have higher concentrations of bacteria. which can increase transmission. There may be other risk factors as well. The babies who are at greater risk of a GBS infection and pneumonia are 1) premature babies, 2) babies born to mothers whose amniotic fluid has been leaking for more than 12 hours, and 3) people with a history of GBS infection in a prior newborn.
How is the GBS Test Done?
The GBS test is usually done between 35 and 37 weeks of pregnancy. It's a simple swab of the vagina and rectum, which is then sent to a lab for testing. You’ll do the test yourself in the bathroom when you are also leaving a urine specimen. About a week later we’ll get your results. If there is GBS in your system, we’ll talk about your options.
Treatment Options for GBS
If you test positive for GBS, don't worry! There are effective ways to protect your baby during delivery. Here's what you can expect:
Antibiotics During Labor: The most common and effective treatment is receiving antibiotics through an IV during labor. This significantly reduces the risk of your baby getting GBS. We would recommend a fast small bag of IV fluid with antibiotics in it every 4 hours in labor.
Monitoring and Support: Some of our very “naturally minded” clients are reluctant to take antibiotics. If antibiotics aren't administered during labor, we will closely monitor your baby for any signs of GBS infection after birth. Early detection and treatment can make a big difference.
Making the Best Choice for You and Your Baby
Choosing the right treatment plan is a personal decision.. Here are a few tips to help you feel confident:
Ask Questions: Don't hesitate to ask us any questions you have about GBS, the test, and treatment options. Understanding the process can help you feel more at ease.
Consider Your Preferences: Whether you prefer a more natural approach or are comfortable with the standard antibiotic treatment, make sure to discuss your preferences with us..
Stay Informed: Keep yourself informed about GBS and its management. The more you know, the better prepared you'll be to make decisions that are right for you and your baby. A great resource for information is “Evidence Based Birth” on GBS.
Final Thoughts
Remember, being GBS-positive is quite common and manageable. With the right care and treatment, you can ensure a safe and healthy delivery for your little one. Trust in your healthcare team, ask questions, and focus on the joy of welcoming your baby into the world.
Here's to a healthy and happy pregnancy! 🌸
